Death - This is self-explanatory

and has occurred with several bodybuilders who chose to use this compound.

As far as adding products, no ancillaries are needed, but its highly recommended that this is only used when anabolic/androgenic steroids are also being used. First of all the extra free calories work with the steroids to enhance results, but also because an increased level of thyroid hormones can be extremely catabolic and the use of anabolic compounds to counter muscle loss is a requirement here.

Women will take somewhere in the range of 5-l0 mg daily. Although female athletes usually find stanozolol very tolerable, the injectable

is usually off limits. They risk androgenic buildup, as a regular 50 mg injection will provide much too high a dosage. Here the tablets are the general preference. Although stanozolol is only moderately androgenic, the risk of virilization symptoms should remain a concern.

Patients receiving levodopa for Parkinson's disease experienced an exacerbation of parkinsonian symptoms when benzodiazepines were added to their regimen. Benzodiazepines should be administered cautiously to such patients.

Sustanon side effects

The most common side effects with CIALIS were headache and upset stomach.

Backache and muscle ache were also reported, sometimes with delayed onset. Most men weren't bothered by the side effects enough to stop taking CIALIS. Although a rare occurrence, men who experience an erection for more than 4 hours (priapism) should seek immediate medical attention. Discuss your medical conditions and medications with your doctor to ensure CIALIS is right for you and that you are healthy enough for sexual activity.

Trenbolone is also a highly androgenic hormone, when compared with testosterone, which has an androgenic ratio of 100; trenbolone´s androgenic ratio is an astonishing 500. Highly

androgenic steroids are appreciated for the effects they have on strength as well as changing the estrogen/androgen ratio, thus reducing water and under the skin. As if the report on trenbolone was not good enough, it gets better; Trenbolone is extraordinarily good as a fat loss agent. One reason for this is its powerful effect on nutrient partitioning. It is a little known fact is that androgen receptors are found in fat cells as well as muscle cells, androgens act directly on the A.R in fat cells to affect fat burning. The stronger the androgen binds to the A.R, the higher the lipolytic (fat burning) effect on

adipose tissue (fat). Since some steroids even increase the numbers of A.R in muscle and fat this fat loss effect would be amplified with the concurrent use of other compounds, such as testosterone.

An effective daily dose for athletes is around 15-60 mg/day. The dosage of Dianabol taken by the athlete should always be coordinated with his individual goals. Steroid novices do not need more than 15-40 mg of Dianabol per day since this dose is sufficient to achieve exceptional results over a period of 8-10 weeks. When the effect begins to slow down in this group after about eight weeks and the athlete wants to continue

his treatment, the dosage of Dianabol should not be increased but an injectable steroid such as Deca-Durabolin in a dosage of 200 mg/week or Primobolan in a dosage of 200 mg/week should be used in addition to the Dianabol dose; or he may switch to one of the two above-mentioned compounds. The use of testosterone is not recommended at this stage as the athlete should leave some free play for later. For those either impatient or more advanced, a stack of Dianabol 20-30 mg/day and Deca-Durabolin 200-400 mg/day achieves miracles.

Testosterone is the most powerful compound there is, so obviously

its perfectly fine to use it by itself. With a long-acting ester like Cypionate doses of 500-1000 mg per week are used with very clear results over a 10 week period. If you've ever seen a man swell up with sheer size, then testosterone was the cause of it. But testosterone is nonetheless often stacked. Due to the high occurrence of side-effects, people will usually split up a stack in testosterone and a milder component in order to obtain a less risky cycle, but without having to give up as much of the gains. Primobolan, Equipoise and Deca-Durabolin are the weapons of choice in this matter. Deca seems to be the most

popular, probably because of its extremely mild androgenic nature. But Deca being one of the highest risks for just about every other side-effects, I probably wouldn't advise it. If Deca is used, generally a dose of 200-400 mg is added to 500-750 mg of testosterone per week.

Testosterone Cypionate Profile

As Sustanon 250 is a strong androgen, we can expect the typical side effects. This includes oily skin, acne body/facial hair growth and premature balding. The addition of Proscar/Propecia should be able to minimize Sustanon side effects, as it will limit the Testosterone to DHT (dihydroTestosterone)

conversion process. Sustanon will also suppress natural Testosterone production rather quickly. The use of HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) and/or Clomid (clomiphene citrate) /Nolvadex (tamoxifen citrate) may be necessary at the conclusion of a cycle in order to avoid a hormonal crash. Remember though, Sustanon will remain active in the body for up to a month after your last injection was given. Beginning you ancillary drug therapy immediately after the steroid has been discontinued will not be very effective. Instead, HCG or Clomid (clomiphene citrate)/Nolvadex should be delayed two or three weeks, until you are
near the point where blood androgen levels after Sustanon cycle are dropping significantly.

Drive (boldenone/methylandrostenediol blend)

Trenbolone is similar to the highly popular steroid nandrolone, in that they are both 19-nor steroids, meaning that a testosterone molecule has been altered at the 19th position to give us a new compound. Unlike nandrolone however trenbolone is an excellent mass and hardening drug with the majority of gains being muscle fiber, with minimal water retention. It has an unbelievable anabolic (muscle building) score of 500. When you compare that to testosterone, which itself

is a powerful mass builder, and has an anabolic score of 100 you can begin to fathom the muscle building potential of trenbolone. What makes trenbolone so anabolic? Numerous factors come into play. Trenbolone greatly increases the level of the extremely anabolic hormone IGF-1 within muscle tissue. And, it´s worth noting that not only does it increase the levels of IGF-1 in muscle over two fold, it also causes muscle satellite cells (cells that repair damaged muscle) to be more sensitive to IGF-1 and other growth factors. The amount of DNA per muscle cell may also be significantly increased.

Description

4: Stanabol 50 (Winstrol Depot) (stanozolol)

Anapolon dosage

testosterone isocaproate, 60mg;

Primobolan depot works great when added to a cycle (stacked) with other steroids, it tends to lessen water retention and harshness when stacked with more heavy duty testosterone injectables, like Omnadren / Sustanon, Cypoinate / Propionate, ect. It is an analog immune-stimulating steroid used by people with Aids and others with depressed immune systems to build up the immune system and add lean muscle mass. Primobolan is one of the finest steroids in the world today.

Epilepsy or history

of seizures — Although some benzodiazepines are used in treating epilepsy, starting or suddenly stopping treatment with these medicines may increase seizures

It means that technically, for the part of the muscle in which you inject, THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN rhIGF-1 and Long R3 IGF-1. They both have the EXACT SAME LOCAL EFFECT. But rhIGF-1 gets neutralized quick, whereas Long R3 gets to float around until it finds a receptor.

In the U.S.A. dianabol was introduced in the 1960s by Ciba Giegy. The patent expired on the product and this is how a number of rival brands emerged with the same chemical

constituents. Dianabol is a brand name and not a chemical name, therefore any product containing methandrostenolone, is now called dianabol (including Anabol).

Clenbuterol generally come is 20 mcg tablets, although it is also available in syrup.

DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol), an industrial chemical with various applications, has gained steady popularity as a fat loss tool. Boasting an astounding 50% increase in metabolic rate, it is able to contribute to reported fat losses of 10-12 pounds in 8 days of use. Classified as an "uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation" medically, it is quite dangerous

as there is no negative feedback system that may deal with overdoses. Specifically, there is no upper limit to the increase in body temperature that may be obtained with its use.

It is not correct that Nolvadex C&K reduces levels of estrogen: rather, it blocks estrogen from estrogen receptors and, in those tissues where it is an antagonist, causes the receptor to do nothing.

    Manufacturer: Squibb

Propecia is indicated for the treatment of male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) in adult men only.

 - The medicine is likely to pass into

your milk and your baby so you must not take Roaccutane if you are breastfeeding.

As with all nandrolone products, Dinandrol offers a moderate anabolic effect with only mild androgenic or estrogenic side effects (for a more comprehensive discussion, please see the Deca-Durabolin profile). Although designed as a long and steady acting product, bodybuilders are not looking for a nandrolone replacement drug that is injected once a month. With this in mind Dinandrol is most often injected on a weekly basis. The dose, as with regular Deca-Durabolin, would be in the range of 200-600mg per application. If anything,

one would only be noticing a difference between Dinandrol and Deca when first starting a cycle (due to the faster onset of action), and only if they tended to notice the benefits of steroid therapy very quickly. Otherwise the drug will build to pretty significant and "steady-state" levels within a few injections, making it impossible to distinguish from regular Deca-Durabolin. For the bodybuilder it is, therefore, not any type of "must have" steroid to go run out and start searching for, but most certainly is an acceptable option if found at a fair pric.

Do not start or stop any medicine without

doctor or pharmacist approval. Inform your doctor of any other medical conditions including penis conditions (e.g., angulation, fibrosis/scarring, Peyronie's disease), history of painful/prolonged erection (priapism), sickle cell anemia, blood system cancers (e.g., leukemia or myeloma), eye problems (e.g., retina diseases like retinitis pigmentosa), kidney or liver disease, bleeding disorders, active stomach ulcers, heart problems (e.g., recent heart attack or serious arrhythmia within past 6 months, heart failure, coronary artery disease with unstable angina, aortic stenosis, idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis),
recent stroke within past 6 months, very high or low blood pressure, or allergies.

Primobol-100 (Methenolone Enanthate) works great when added to a cycle (stacked) with other steroids, it tends to lessen water retention and harshness when stacked with more heavy duty testosterone injectables, like Omnadren / Sustanon, Cypoinate / Propionate, ect. It is an analog immune-stimulating steroid used by people with Aids and others with depressed immune systems to build up the immune system and add lean muscle mass. Primobolan is one of the finest steroids in the world today.

Stacking Info:

Provironum

is a synthetic, orally effective androgen which does not have any anabolic characteristics. Provironum is used in school medi-cine to case or cure disturbances caused by a deficiency of male sex hormones. Many athletes, for this reason, often use Provironum at the end of a steroid treatment in order to increase the reduced testoster-one production. This, however, is not a good idea since Provironum has no effect on the body's own testosterone production but-as men-tioned in the beginning-only reduces or completely eliminates the dysfunctions caused by the testosterone deficiency. These are, in par-ticular, impotence

which is mostly caused by an androgen deficiency that can occur after the discontinuance of steroids, and infertility which manifests itself in a reduced sperm count and a reduced sperm quality. Provironum is therefore taken during a steroid administration or after discontinuing the use of the steroids, to eliminate a possible impotency or a reduced sexual interest. This, however, does not con-tribute to the maintenance of strength and muscle mass after the treatment. There are other better suited compounds for this (see HCG, Clomid, and Teslac). For this reason Provironum is unfortunately considered by many to be a

useless and unnecessary compound.

Those who would like to gain mass rapidly and do not have Deca available, can use Primobolan together with Sustanon and Dianabol (D-bol). Those who have more patience or are afraid of potential side effects will usually be very satisfied with a stack of Primobolan Depot 200 mg/week and Deca Durabolin 200-400 mg/week. We believe that the best combination is Primobolan Depot with Winstrol Depot. 200 - 400 mg/week is the normally used dosage of Primobolan Depot although there are enough athletes who inject a 100 mg ampule daily. Primobolan Depot, like the oral acetate form, is

not converted into estrogen however, low water retention can occur, which is the reason why during preparalions for a competition the injections are usually preferred.

Because anyone would be hard-pressed to use this particular steroid for cutting, it should really only be administered for bulking purposes. Its not immediately a compound for beginners, it requires some skill. First of all to site inject and rotate injection sites, but also to deal with the occurrence of side-effects, which may be a little more pronounced than with testosterone esters. The compound is best injected daily, using 50-100 mg per

day. It is best stacked with other products for the express purpose of adding mass, probably a base compound with a lower occurrence of androgenic side-effects such as Deca-Durabolin or Equipoise in doses of 300-400 mg per week. On can of course, as usual add an oral bulking agent such as Dianabol (methandrostenolone) or Anadrol (oxymetholone) to kickstart gains, but testosterone suspension should deliver results in a shorter time-span than esterified testosterones, mostly due to high peak doses and immediate accumulation. Although for best results one would opt to use it for 10-12 weeks, few will last that long with

giving themselves daily injections.

Formula: C20 H24 O3

It has been shown that greatest benefit can be had if an athlete consumes these high G.I. carbohydrate foods as soon as possible after an event, preferably within an hour or less. It is further recommended that a high carbohydrate intake be maintained during the next 24 hours. Miller suggests eating at least one gram of carbohydrate per kilogram body weight each 2 hours after prolonged heavy exercise and at least 10 grams of high G.I. carbohydrate per kilogram body weight over the 24 hour period following this exercise.

A dosage sufficient

for any athlete would be 0.5 - 0.8 mg per pound of body weight/day. This corresponds to 1-4 tablets; i.e. 50-200 mg/day. Under no circumstances should an athlete take more than four tablets in any given day, preferrably never more than three.

So you see, the longer the ester on the testosterone is, the longer the steroid is active in your body, and the less actual test you get. This is because, for every 100mgs of testosterone cypionate you inject, only 69.90mgs of it is actually testosterone, the rest is the cypionate ester, which must be removed. On the other hand, with the propionate ester you´ll get

83.72mgs of Testosterone! The advantage to longer esters is that they need to be injected less frequently (test prop needs to be injected every other day while you can shoot test cyp once a week). The disadvantage to long estered steroids is that they contain less actual steroid. Anecdotally, however, most people from Steroid.com and other discussion boards who have tried differing esters on their various cycles agree: Testosterone Propionate causes the least side effects and the least bloating. For this reason, it´s often the testosterone of choice in cutting cycles. On a personal note, it´s the only form

of testosterone I ever use, and it´s the only one most women will use, due to the previously mentioned factors (as well as it´s ability to clear your body quickly upon cessation in the case of side effects). Testosterone levels when you´re using injectable testosterone propionate begin to decline sharply after the second day of use(5). Obviously this is not the drug of choice for those who are squeamish about injections, you´ll be shooting this stuff every other day at least.

Can I take KAMAGRA after eating?

The fact that Nolvadex C&K will reduce water retention may result

in the user agreeing that gains are less, since weight gain is less, thus reinforcing the bias.

Clomid is an effective antagonist in the hypothalamus and in breast tissue. It is an effective agonist in bone tissue, and for improving blood cholesterol.

Do not apply a double dose to make up for a forgotten individual dose. If you use too much (overdose) Immediately telephone your doctor, or the Poisons Information Centre if you think you or anyone else may have used too much Androgel / Cernos Gel.

Testosterone propionate is a male sexual hormone with pronounced, mainly androgenic action, possessing

the biological and therapeutic properties of the natural hormone. In a healthy male organism, androgens are formed by the testes and adrenal cortex. It is normally produced in women in small physiological quantities. In addition to the specific action that determines the sexual characteristics of the individual, it also has a general anabolic action, manifested in enhancement of protein synthesis. Under the effect of testosterone, body weight increases and urea excretion is reduced. High doses suppress the production of hypophyseal gonadotropin, while low doses stimulate it. It has an antitumor effect on mammary

gland metastases.

Isosorbide mononitrate and isosorbide dinitrate (tablets that are swallowed, chewed, or dissolved in the mouth)

Humilin R should be injected subcutaneously only with a U-100 insulin syringe. Insulin syringes are available without a prescription in many states. If the athlete can not purchase the syringes at a pharmacy, he can mail order them or buy them on the black market. Using a syringe other than a U-100 is dangerous since it will be difficult to measure out the correct dosage. Subcutaneous insulin injections are usually given by pinching a fold of skin in the abdomen area. To

speed up the effect of the insulin, many athletes will inject their dose into the thigh or triceps.

Anabolic steroids promote the growth of skeletal muscle and the development of male sexual characteristics but do also have some other effects.

Diazepam is occasionally beneficial for patients with major depression or psychosis. It can, however, induce paradoxical effects in these patients and in those with suicidal ideation. The drug should be administered to such patients with careful monitoring.

• It improves exercise tolerance ( 81%) and exercise endurance

• It regulates

menstrual cycle- (38 %)

What To Do in the Event of an Overdose:

Most athletes will bring their insulin with them to the gym. Insulin should be refrigerated, but it is all right to keep it in a gym bag as long as it is kept away from excessive heat. Immediately after a workout, the athlete will inject his dosage of insulin. Within the next fifteen minutes, he should have a carbohydrate drink such as Ultra Fuel by Twinlab. The athlete should consume at least 10 grams of carbohydrates for every 1 IU of insulin injected. Most athletes will also take creatine monohydrate with their carbohydrate drink since the

insulin will help to force the creatine into the muscles. An hour or so after injecting insulin, most athletes will eat a meal or consume a protein shake. The carbohydrate drink and meal/protein shake are necessary. Without them, blood sugar levels will drop dangerously low and the athlete will most likely go into a state of hypoglycemia.

Acne: Yes, in higher dosages or sensitive individuals

Ephedrine can also be used as a stimulant to increase workout Intensity and concentration while training. It Is also effective as an appetite suppressant for the pre-contest bodybullder and It can be used by bodybullders

In an attempt to diminish the amount of fat reserves they hold. There are many supplements which boast that they can Increase fat utilization and Increase llpolysis. l.e. amino acid combinations, camitine, and lipotropics. None of those natural supplements work nearly as well as ephedrine. Ephedrine should not be used by any athlete who has had a history of heart palpitations, arrythmia, or any conductive Irregularity of the heart. Any athlete who develops these symptoms while using ephedrine should discontinue the use and consult a physician. Further caution should be used when stacking ephedrine with caffeine
and aspirin as this Is even more likely to cause an irregular or strong heartbeat. A number of athletes reported these symptoms and had to discontinue the use of this supplement. Among the other athletes who had used ephedrine the majority reported a very positive response citing an increased awareness level and greater ability to concentrate while training. I would recommend ephedrine for athletes who do not have any heart problems at all and whose workout would benefit from an increased level of concentration and an increased "psych". It also can benefit pre-contest bodybuilders. Ephedrine compounds are

available in various forms. Ephedrine sulfide (sulphur based) is slower acting and has a shorter duration. It Is the least effective form. Pseudoephedrine HCL and pseudoephedrine sulfide are man made versions and are a little more effective. Ephedrine HCL in a high percentage HCL base is preferred by most and has proven to be quite effective. An example is Dymetadrine 25. Athletes have preferred to take this product 60 minutes prior to their workout.

Clenbuterol works very effectively as a fat burner. It does this by slightly increasing the body temperature. The rise is not usually dramatic, a half of a degree,

sometimes a little more but rarely more than one degree. This elevation is due to the body will burn excess energy (largely from fat) and is usually not uncomfortable.

Testosterone Prop. 100 mg/ml; Steris U.S.

Since Omnadren easily aromatizes, the intake of antiestrogens is suggested. This can also help reduce some of the water retention. Although Omnadren has a duration effect of a good 2-3 weeks it is usually injected at least once a week. As for the dosage there is rarely an injectable steroid with a wide spectrum such as Omnadren's. The span reaches from athletes who inject one 250 mg injection

every two weeks to extremes who use eight "Omnas" a day (2000 mg/day). The reason is the low price of the compound. It therefore offers an economic alternative to the expensive Sustanon, Testosterone enanthate and -propionate; that explains why some take it in these exaggerated dosages. An acceptable and, for most, sufficient dosage is 250-1000mg/week. Omnadren is often combined with Dianabol, Androlic-50, and Deca-Durabolin which accelerates the gain in strength, mass, and water retention. The gains achieved with Omnadren, as is the case with Testosterone, for the most part, usually subside very quickly after use of the
compound i~ discontinued.

On the U.S. black market, one can find a variety of Anabol preparations. Among the more popular today are the Ttokkyo 5mg and l0mg tablets from Mexico. These come in bottles of 100 or 1000 tablets, and have been circulating the black market in extremely high volumes. The l0mg version actually replaced the 5mg in the Ttokkyo product line, however both will probably be found circulating for some time. The Ttokkyo tablets bear a striking resemblance to the tiny pink Anabol tablets from Thailand, which are also still popular on the black market. Methandon is also available from Thailand,

but is currently much less popular in the U.S. than the Anabol tabs. Also from this country is a new l0mg product called Danabol, produced in bottles of 500 tabs by the March Pharmaceutical Company. Reforvit is a Mexican veterinary injectable, which is prepared in a strength of 25mg/ml. A 50 ml bottle contains the equivalent of 250 tablets and sells for a reasonable price. A l0ml vial is also produced but rarely seen in the U.S. Most users opt to take this item orally as it is just as effective as tablets (and much less painful than injecting). One can purchase empty gelatin capsules in the health food store and inject

Reforvit into them with a needle. Look for the `00' size capsule, which can hold one full ml of solution. More recently its manufacturer Loeffler has introduced an oral version, carrying a whopping 25mg of steroid per tablet. Denkall also makes l0mg capsules and a 25mg/ml injectable of this steroid, which are also commonly found in the U.S. as of late. The Russian generic product (METAHAPOCTEHOROH) tablets are also still found in the U.S., although the packaging of this steroid has been updated recently to reflect a more detailed tablet strip and box.

Equipoise, or boldenone undecylenate, is a favorite veterinary

steroid of many athletes. Its effects are strongly anabolic, and only moderately androgenic. By itself, Equipoise will provide a steady and consistent gain in mass and strength. However, best results are achieved when Equipoise is used in conjunction with other steroids. For mass, Equipoise stacks exceptionally well with Anadrol (Oxymetholone), Dianabol (Methandrostenlone), or an injectable testosterone like Sustanon 250.

Although only slightly androgenic, women are occasionally confronted with virilization symptoms when taking this compound. Should this become a concern, the shorter acting nandrolone Durabolin

would be a safer option. This drug stays active for only a few days, greatly reducing the impact of androgenic buildup if withdrawal were indicated.

Alternate your injection sites in order to minimize tissue damage ("lipoatrophy" or "lipohypertrophy";

This is the most popular use for clenbuterol. It promotes muscle hardness vascularity and strength when on a calories deficit diet.

Day 5: 80 mcg (Note: Increase the dose only when the side effects are tolerable)

Dosage of Testosterone enanthate

Ingredient: Clonazepam

References:

  1. Vigersky

    RA, Glass AR. Effects of delta 1-testolactone on the pituitary-testicular axis in oligospermic men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981 May;52(5):897-902
  2. Reversal of the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism of obese men by administration of the aromatase inhibitor testolactone.Metabolism. 2003 Sep;52(9):1126-8.
  3. Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh). 1986;279:218-26
  4. Vigersky RA, Mozingo D, Eil C, Purohit V, Bruton J. The antiandrogenic effects of delta 1-testolactone (Teslac) in vivo in rats and in vitro in human cultured fibroblasts, rat mammary carcinoma cells, and rat prostate cytosol. Endocrinology 1982 Jan;110(1):214-9
  5. Martikainen
    H, Ruokonen A, Ronnberg L, Vihko R. Short-term effects of testolactone on human testicular steroid production and on the response to human chorionic gonadotropin. Fertil Steril 1985 May;43(5):793-8
  6. Effect of aromatase inhibition by delta 1-testolactone on basal and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-stimulated pituitary and gonadal hormonal function in oligospermic men.. Fertil Steril. 1985 May;43(5):787-92.
  7. The effects of the aromatase inhibitor delta 1-testolactone on gonadotropin release and steroid metabolism in polycystic ovarian disease.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985 Apr;60(4):773-8
  8. Pituitary-testicular
    responsiveness in male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Invest. 1974 Feb;53(2):408-15.
  9. Winter JS, Taraska S, Faiman C. The hormonal response to HCG stimulation in male children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972 Feb;34(2):348!! 353

Evidence suggests that GABA receptors are heterogeneous with many different subtypes, which may account for the various effects of GABA receptor agonists and benzodiazepines. Midazolam, for example, has twice the affinity for benzodiazepine receptors than diazepam. The antianxiety action of benzodiazepines may be a result of their ability

to block cortical and limbic arousal following stimulation of the reticular pathways while muscle relaxation properties are mediated by inhibiting both mono-and polysynaptic pathways. Benzodiazepine can also depress muscle and motor nerve function directly. Animal studies of the anticonvulsant actions suggest that benzodiazepines augment presynaptic inhibition of neurons, thereby limiting the spread of electrical activity, although they do not actually inhibit the abnormally discharging focus.

Drug abuse or dependence (or history of) — Dependence on benzodiazepines may be more likely to develop

Erythropoietin is not a steroid, but it is a glycoprotein that acts upon the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. Various stimuli such as bleeding or higher altitudes trigger the body’s own release EPO. Because EPO increases the hematocrit, it enables much more oxygen to be delivered to skeletal muscle, which has made EPO very popular among endurance athletes in the past for blood doping. EPO is produced primarily by the kidneys, secondarily by the liver, and tertiarily by the brain, but a synthetic or recombinant version of EPO is available in 1 mL vials. A typical dose of EPO will last one day but the effect is seen 5 days later when the red blood cell proliferation it has induced is mature enough for release into circulation. Doses are initially given subcutaneously 3 times per week with an iron supplement taken orally, but EPO is a dangerous drug that can have serious side acute problems to occur. The smallest side effect of concern is increased blood pressure, but there are many other side effects that are much more serious. Keep in mind that athletes (endurance and weightlifters) already have an above average red blood cell count so increasing the hematocrit more can lead to fatal problems if EPO is used unwisely. When the hematocrit becomes too high, arteries can literally clog, can cause heart attacks, cardiac failure, and pulmonary edema (common with vertical altitude limit exposure). If EPO should ever be used, extreme caution is a necessity.